西内SINE

从我对美国太空计划的了解来看，很难想象有什么比1970年阿波罗13号发射到月球时发生爆炸更让人紧张的事情了，宇航员和地面指挥中心要随机应变如何完成任务，如何把宇航员活着带回地球。这就是为什么这部电影如此受欢迎的原因。
From what I know of U.S. space program, is hard to imagine anything more nerve-racking than 1970 when Apollo 13 lift off for moon but had explosion needing attention of on-board crew and of command center on ground to improvise how complete mission, and how retrieve astronauts alive. Is why movie about this very popular.

但是这个系统比地球容易，因为这个系统是人造的。
But this system easy compared to earth, because this system man-made.

地球是不一样的。生物圈暗示着地球的复杂性增加了:其它生命形式增加了，外部变量如天气无法控制。但这只是暗示，因为它也是人造的。我从他们的信息中读到:
Earth different. Biosphere give hint of earth increased complexity: other life forms added, external variables like weather uncontrollable. But only hint, because it, too, man-made. I read from their information:

生物圈的挑战:-根据维基百科2019年3月19日的检索和删节:
Biosphere Challenges: - per Wikipedia retrieved and abridged 3/19/2019:

在第一次生物圈任务中遇到的问题和失误是意外的冷凝，使得“沙漠”太湿,急剧增加的温室蚂蚁和蟑螂,牵牛花疯狂生长的热带雨林地区,挡住了其它植物和阳光(40 - 50%的外部光)进入设备，没有达到预期效果。当需要保护生物多样性时，生物圈人员介入控制入侵植物，扮演“关键捕食者”的角色。此外，建筑本身也是一种挑战; 例如，很难控制水体产生的波浪和潮汐变化。^[50][51]工程师们提出了创新的解决方案，以补充地球生物圈通常发挥的自然功能，如在不危及海洋生物的情况下在海洋中制造温和海浪的真空泵，以及复杂的加热和冷却系统。所有的技术都是为了尽量减少有害物质的释放和排放，这些有害物质可能会损害生物圈2号的生命。^[52][53]
Among the problems and miscalculations encountered in the first Biosphere mission were unanticipated condensation making the "desert" too wet, population explosions of greenhouse ants and cockroaches, morning glories overgrowing the rainforest area, blocking out other plants and less sunlight (40–50% of outside light) entering the facility than originally anticipated. Biospherians intervened to control invasive plants when needed to preserve biodiversity, functioning as "keystone predators". In addition, construction itself was a challenge; for example, it was difficult to manipulate the bodies of water to have waves and tidal changes.^[50][51] Engineers came up with innovative solutions to supplement natural functions the Earth's biosphere normally performs, e.g. vacuum pumps to create gentle waves in the ocean without endangering marine biota, sophisticated heating and cooling systems. All the technology was selected to minimize outgassing and discharge of harmful substances which might damage Biosphere 2's life.^[52][53]

站内的氧气含量从最初的20.9%稳步下降，16个月后降至14.5%。这相当于海拔4,080米(13,400英尺)处的氧气供应量。^[57]:由于一些生物圈人员开始出现睡眠呼吸暂停和疲劳等症状，沃尔福德和医疗队在1993年1月和8月决定注入更多氧气。氧气的下降和机组人员的最小反应表明，气压的变化是触发人类适应反应的原因。这些研究加强了生物医学研究项目。^[58]
The oxygen inside the facility, which began at 20.9%, fell at a steady pace and after 16 months was down to 14.5%. This is equivalent to the oxygen availability at an elevation of 4,080 meters (13,400 ft).^[57] Since some biospherians were starting to have symptoms like sleep apnea and fatigue, Walford and the medical team decided to boost oxygen with injections in January and August 1993. The oxygen decline and minimal response of the crew indicated that changes in air pressure are what trigger human adaptation responses. These studies enhanced the biomedical research program.^[58]

管理二氧化碳水平是一项特别的挑战，二氧化碳的动态每日波动通常为百万分之600，这是由于在日照时间植物光合作用下的急剧下降，接着在夜间由于自己的呼吸系统又急剧上升。正如预期的那样，二氧化碳水平也有很强的季节性特征，冬季的水平高达百万分之400500，夏季的水平接近百万分之1000。他们通过偶尔打开二氧化碳洗涤器来管理二氧化碳，通过控制灌溉用水来激活和减弱沙漠和草原的活性，切割和储存生物量来隔离碳，利用所有快速生长物种的潜在种植区域来增加系统的光合作用。^[59]
Managing CO2 levels was a particular challenge….Daily fluctuation of carbon dioxide dynamics was typically 600 parts per million because of the strong drawdown during sunlight hours by plant photosynthesis, followed by a similar rise during the nighttime when system respiration dominated. As expected, there was also a strong seasonal signature to CO2 levels, with wintertime levels as high as 4,000–4,500 parts per million and summertime levels near 1,000 parts per million. The crew worked to manage the CO2 by occasionally turning on a CO₂ scrubber, activating and de-activating the desert and savannah through control of irrigation water, cutting and storing biomass to sequester carbon, and utilizing all potential planting areas with fast-growing species to increase system photosynthesis.^[59]

许多人怀疑氧气的下降是由于土壤中的微生物。^{[引证需要]}选择的土壤具有足够的碳，为生态系统中的植物提供从婴儿期到成熟期的生长所需，大约增加20吨(18000公斤)的植物质量。^[61]生物圈2号实验旨在揭示，土壤微生物通过呼吸作用释放土壤碳作为二氧化碳的速率尚不清楚。随后的研究表明，到1998年，生物圈2号的农田土壤的碳氮比例已经达到一个更稳定的水平，从而降低了二氧化碳的释放速率。^[62]
Many suspected the drop in oxygen was due to microbes in the soil.^{[citation needed]} The soils were selected to have enough carbon to provide for the plants of the ecosystems to grow from infancy to maturity, a plant mass increase of perhaps 20 tons (18,000 kg).^[61] The release rate of that soil carbon as carbon dioxide by respiration of soil microbes was an unknown that the Biosphere 2 experiment was designed to reveal. Subsequent research showed that Biosphere 2's farm soils had reached a more stable ratio of carbon and nitrogen, lowering the rate of CO2 release, by 1998.^[62]

呼吸速率比光合作用快(部分原因可能是釉面结构的透光率相对较低，以及生物圈2号开始时植物生物量虽小但增加迅速)，导致氧气的缓慢减少。伴随氧气下降而来的一个谜团是:二氧化碳的相应增加并没有出现。这个潜在的过程一直没有搞清，直到哥伦比亚大学拉蒙特多尔蒂地球天文台的杰夫·塞弗林豪斯和华莱士·布洛克的一项通过同位素分析的研究表明，二氧化碳与生物圈2号内的暴露混凝土发生反应，形成碳酸钙，从而将碳和氧隔离。^[63]
The respiration rate was faster than the photosynthesis (possibly in part due to relatively low light penetration through the glazed structure and the fact that Biosphere 2 started with a small but rapidly increasing plant biomass) resulting in a slow decrease of oxygen. A mystery accompanied the oxygen decline: the corresponding increase in carbon dioxide did not appear. This concealed the underlying process until an investigation by Jeff Severinghaus and Wallace Broecker of Columbia University's Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory using isotopic analysis showed that carbon dioxide was reacting with exposed concrete inside Biosphere 2 to form calcium carbonate, thereby sequestering both carbon and oxygen.^[63]

因此，产生了这些生物圈问题。
So, Biosphere problems.

● 生物圈2号 -简介
● Biosphere II - Intro

● 时间,费用,路线
● Hours, Fees , Tours

● 方位，联系方式
● Directions, Contact

● 十天天气预报
● 10 day weather forecast

另外，一个小型“生态系统”中有明显问题会出现，甚至会危及生命，那么社会和谐中的问题也可能变得同样明显和重要。
But here is something else: Just as problems in a small “ecosystem” become obvious and even life-threatening, problems in social harmony can become equally apparent and significant.

在俄罗斯的太空计划中，宇航员格奥尔基·格雷奇科和尤里·罗曼年科在礼炮6号空间站待了三个月，没有其他人在场。更年轻，没有经验的指挥官。在起飞前，年长的一位建议如何去相处。这是个好主意:每个人都做他能做的事，而不是等待，不管该由谁来做。如果一方做错了，也不要责怪对方。
In Russian space program, cosmonauts Georgi Grechko and Yuri Romanenko three months together in Salyut 6 space station, no other people present. Younger less experienced man named commander. Before lift-off, older one suggest how to get along. And was good idea: each do what he can without waiting no matter who supposed to do it. And no blaming the other if one did something wrong.

所以我喜欢奥拉的天堂理念，每个人都在力所能及的时候做他们认为需要做的事情。
Is why I like Aura’s paradise idea where everybody does what they can when they can of what they think needs doing.