科罗纳多CORONADO

为什么祖尼人杀死了埃斯特班和他的随从人员，一个很长的答案是祖尼人正在与一个部落交战，而埃斯特班的药师葫芦就来自那个部落。牧师是这样描述的。
The long answer to why the Zunis killed Esteban and his retinue is that the Zunis were at war with the tribe Esteban’s medicine man gourd came from. The priest described it thus.

卡贝萨·德·瓦卡，《关系……》，译。范妮·班德尔，《阿尔瓦·努涅斯·卡贝萨·德·瓦卡家族和他的同伴从佛罗里达到太平洋的旅程》，1528-1536年，(纽约：AS巴恩斯公司，1905年)，第223-226页:
Frey Marcos de Nizza, ”Relación …,” trans. Fanny Bandelier, The Journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca and his Companions from Florida to the Pacific, 1528-1536,” (New York: A. S. Barnes & Company, 1905), pp. 223-226:

"这里遇见了一个印第安人，他是跟我一起去的那个首领的儿子，这个首领跟斯蒂芬先去了，他吓得要命……他告诉我，在斯蒂芬来到西波拉城的前一天，他像往常一样，派他的信使去送用葫芦做成的大权杖……他们可能知道他来的意图，这只葫芦上有一串铃铛，还有两根羽毛，一根白的，一根红的，象征着他要求大家平安无事，他是和平地来的。在地方官之前，他们来到了西波拉,这城市的主人已经将这座城市交给副将了,他们给了他这个大葫芦,但在他手中有一个一模一样的,他看了看铃铛,非常愤怒地丢到了地上,并让使者们赶紧收拾行李,因为他知道他们是什么样的人,无论如何不能让他们进入城里,如果进了,他会把他们都处死的。
"Here met us an Indian the son of the chief man that accompanied me, which had gone before with Stephan, who came in a great fright .... and he told me that a day’s journey before Stephan came to Cibola he sent his great mace made of a gourd by his messengers, as he was al­ways wont to ... , that they might know in what sort he came to them, which gourd has a string of bells upon it, and two feathers one white and another red, in token that he demanded safe conduct, and that he came peaceably. And when they came to Cibola before the magistrate, which the Lord of the city had placed there for his Lieutenant, they deliv­ered him the great gourd, who took the same in his hands, and after he spied the bells, in a great rage and fury he cast it to the ground, and willed messengers to get them packing with speed, for he knew well enough what people they were, and that they should will them in no case to enter into the city, for if they did he would put them all to death.

"使者们回来告诉斯蒂芬整个事情的经过，斯蒂芬回答说，这并不是什么大事，他要继续前进，一直到达西波拉。在那里，他发现男人们不会让他进入城里,但把他关到一个城外的大房子里,并且直接把他车上装的所有东西拿走了,包括一些绿松石,和一切他收来的印第安人的东西。他们让他在那里待了一整夜，不给他吃喝。第二天早上这个印第安人口渴死了,走出屋外，到附近的河边去喝水，不一会儿，他就看到了斯蒂芬和他的随从们逃跑了，还杀了他们中的一些印第安人。
"The messengers re­turned and told Stephen how things had passed, who answered them that it made no great matter, and would needs proceed on his voyage till he came to the city of Cibola: where he found men that would not let him enter into the town, but shut him into a great house which stood without the city, and straightway took all things from him which he carried to truck and barter with them, and certain turquoise, and other things which he had received of the Indians by the way, and they kept him there all that night without giving him meat or drink, and the next day in the morning this In­dian was a thirst, and went out of the house to drink at a river that was near at hand, and within a little while after he saw Stephen running away, and the people followed him, and slew certain of the Indians which went in his company.

我们继续前进，在离西波拉只有一天的路上，我们遇到了另外两个和斯蒂芬一起去的印第安人，他们流血受伤了……这些人说，他们把斯蒂芬安置在大房子里，不给他吃喝……我们以为他们把他打死了，就像他们把跟他一起去的人都打死了一样，所以除了我们，他们都没有逃出来。
And going on our way, within a day's journey of Cibola we met two other Indians of those which went with Stephan, which were bloody and wounded.... These said that after they had put [Stephen] into the great house without giving him meat or drink.... we think they have shot him to death, as they have done all the rest which went with him, so that none are escaped but we only.

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